Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of <i>Covurs splendens</i> (Indian Crow)

Philbert Balichene Madoshi; Shuli Nkalango Mitemi; Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba

doi:doi:10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11

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Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow)

Philbert Balichene Madoshi, Shuli Nkalango Mitemi, Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba

Published in Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (Volume 6, Issue 3)

Received: 6 May 2021 Accepted: 18 June 2021 Published: 18 August 2021

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Abstract

Introduction: Indian crows have been commented to present significant physical community harm with respect to property damage and agricultural products. However the public health significant of these birds in the developing countries has been underrated. Their scavenging nature might result into spread of pathogens in the public as well as the antimicrobial traits among bacteria. In order to gain the insight into the role of Indian crows as carriers and reservoir of multi-resistant E. coli; broad spectrum antimicrobial agents were tested using a wild E. coli isolated from the birds themselves. Methods: The Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and identified from intestinal contents of 30 Indian crows in Morogoro. An 100μl Intestinal contents were spread on MacConkey for E. coli isolation. A total of eight (8) antimicrobial agents: STX (25 μg), AMP (10 μg), AMC (30 μg), CN (10 μg), CIP (5 μg), TE (30 μg), S (10 μg) and CTX (30 μg) were used. E. coli ATCC 25922 and included as control strains. Results: The resistance TE and SXT were the most prevalent (90%), followed by AMP (76.7%) and S (73.3%), CIP (53.3%), and CTX (36.7%). The susceptibility of these isolates was high in CN 96.7%. It also shown among 30 of the E. coli isolates; twenty-eight of them presented multiple antibiotic resistances. Conclusion: The results have shown that Indian crow can serve as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant E. coli, and potentially transmit such E. coli over long distances. This is a hidden public health threat as these crows move from one place to another and is found in residential areas contaminating water and food with resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance strains.

Published in	Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11
Page(s)	42-46
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Indian Crow, AMR, Peri-urban, Morogoro, Antibiotics

References

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[5]	Ryall C. 1992. Predation and harassment of native bird species by the Indian House Crow (Corvus splendens), in Mombasa, Kenya. Scopus 16: 1–8.
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[7]	Ryall C. 2002. Further records of range extension in House Crow Corvus splendens. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’Club 122: 231–240.
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[17]	Shobrak MY, Abo-Amer AE. Role of wild birds as carriers of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli and Escherichia vulneris. Braz J Microbiol. 2015 Mar 4; 45 (4): 1199-209. doi: 10.1590/s1517-83822014000400010. PMID: 25763023; PMCID: PMC4323292.
[18]	Safari I. 2008. Characteristics of nesting trees used by Indian House Crow in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Undergraduate thesis, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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[20]	Khan W, Das, SN., Mahmoud, AH., Rafique, N., Anwar, K., Khan BT., Ullah, I., Khan, M. Evaluation of sulfadimidine, amprolium and triquen to treat coccidiosis in wild pigeons. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 2022, vol. 82, e238673.
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Philbert Balichene Madoshi, Shuli Nkalango Mitemi, Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba. (2021). Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow). Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, 6(3), 42-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11

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ACS Style

Philbert Balichene Madoshi; Shuli Nkalango Mitemi; Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba. Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow). Biomed. Stat. Inform. 2021, 6(3), 42-46. doi: 10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11

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AMA Style

Philbert Balichene Madoshi, Shuli Nkalango Mitemi, Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba. Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow). Biomed Stat Inform. 2021;6(3):42-46. doi: 10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11,
  author = {Philbert Balichene Madoshi and Shuli Nkalango Mitemi and Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba},
  title = {Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow)},
  journal = {Biomedical Statistics and Informatics},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {42-46},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bsi.20210603.11},
  abstract = {Introduction: Indian crows have been commented to present significant physical community harm with respect to property damage and agricultural products. However the public health significant of these birds in the developing countries has been underrated. Their scavenging nature might result into spread of pathogens in the public as well as the antimicrobial traits among bacteria. In order to gain the insight into the role of Indian crows as carriers and reservoir of multi-resistant E. coli; broad spectrum antimicrobial agents were tested using a wild E. coli isolated from the birds themselves. Methods: The Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and identified from intestinal contents of 30 Indian crows in Morogoro. An 100μl Intestinal contents were spread on MacConkey for E. coli isolation. A total of eight (8) antimicrobial agents: STX (25 μg), AMP (10 μg), AMC (30 μg), CN (10 μg), CIP (5 μg), TE (30 μg), S (10 μg) and CTX (30 μg) were used. E. coli ATCC 25922 and included as control strains. Results: The resistance TE and SXT were the most prevalent (90%), followed by AMP (76.7%) and S (73.3%), CIP (53.3%), and CTX (36.7%). The susceptibility of these isolates was high in CN 96.7%. It also shown among 30 of the E. coli isolates; twenty-eight of them presented multiple antibiotic resistances. Conclusion: The results have shown that Indian crow can serve as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant E. coli, and potentially transmit such E. coli over long distances. This is a hidden public health threat as these crows move from one place to another and is found in residential areas contaminating water and food with resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance strains.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow)
AU  - Philbert Balichene Madoshi
AU  - Shuli Nkalango Mitemi
AU  - Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba
Y1  - 2021/08/18
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11
T2  - Biomedical Statistics and Informatics
JF  - Biomedical Statistics and Informatics
JO  - Biomedical Statistics and Informatics
SP  - 42
EP  - 46
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8728
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11
AB  - Introduction: Indian crows have been commented to present significant physical community harm with respect to property damage and agricultural products. However the public health significant of these birds in the developing countries has been underrated. Their scavenging nature might result into spread of pathogens in the public as well as the antimicrobial traits among bacteria. In order to gain the insight into the role of Indian crows as carriers and reservoir of multi-resistant E. coli; broad spectrum antimicrobial agents were tested using a wild E. coli isolated from the birds themselves. Methods: The Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and identified from intestinal contents of 30 Indian crows in Morogoro. An 100μl Intestinal contents were spread on MacConkey for E. coli isolation. A total of eight (8) antimicrobial agents: STX (25 μg), AMP (10 μg), AMC (30 μg), CN (10 μg), CIP (5 μg), TE (30 μg), S (10 μg) and CTX (30 μg) were used. E. coli ATCC 25922 and included as control strains. Results: The resistance TE and SXT were the most prevalent (90%), followed by AMP (76.7%) and S (73.3%), CIP (53.3%), and CTX (36.7%). The susceptibility of these isolates was high in CN 96.7%. It also shown among 30 of the E. coli isolates; twenty-eight of them presented multiple antibiotic resistances. Conclusion: The results have shown that Indian crow can serve as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant E. coli, and potentially transmit such E. coli over long distances. This is a hidden public health threat as these crows move from one place to another and is found in residential areas contaminating water and food with resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance strains.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Philbert Balichene Madoshi

Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, ST Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Ifakara, Tanzania
Shuli Nkalango Mitemi

Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba

Pest Management Centre, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania

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Philbert Balichene Madoshi, Shuli Nkalango Mitemi, Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba. (2021). Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow). Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, 6(3), 42-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11

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ACS Style

Philbert Balichene Madoshi; Shuli Nkalango Mitemi; Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba. Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow). Biomed. Stat. Inform. 2021, 6(3), 42-46. doi: 10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11

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AMA Style

Philbert Balichene Madoshi, Shuli Nkalango Mitemi, Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba. Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow). Biomed Stat Inform. 2021;6(3):42-46. doi: 10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11,
  author = {Philbert Balichene Madoshi and Shuli Nkalango Mitemi and Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba},
  title = {Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow)},
  journal = {Biomedical Statistics and Informatics},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {42-46},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bsi.20210603.11},
  abstract = {Introduction: Indian crows have been commented to present significant physical community harm with respect to property damage and agricultural products. However the public health significant of these birds in the developing countries has been underrated. Their scavenging nature might result into spread of pathogens in the public as well as the antimicrobial traits among bacteria. In order to gain the insight into the role of Indian crows as carriers and reservoir of multi-resistant E. coli; broad spectrum antimicrobial agents were tested using a wild E. coli isolated from the birds themselves. Methods: The Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and identified from intestinal contents of 30 Indian crows in Morogoro. An 100μl Intestinal contents were spread on MacConkey for E. coli isolation. A total of eight (8) antimicrobial agents: STX (25 μg), AMP (10 μg), AMC (30 μg), CN (10 μg), CIP (5 μg), TE (30 μg), S (10 μg) and CTX (30 μg) were used. E. coli ATCC 25922 and included as control strains. Results: The resistance TE and SXT were the most prevalent (90%), followed by AMP (76.7%) and S (73.3%), CIP (53.3%), and CTX (36.7%). The susceptibility of these isolates was high in CN 96.7%. It also shown among 30 of the E. coli isolates; twenty-eight of them presented multiple antibiotic resistances. Conclusion: The results have shown that Indian crow can serve as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant E. coli, and potentially transmit such E. coli over long distances. This is a hidden public health threat as these crows move from one place to another and is found in residential areas contaminating water and food with resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance strains.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Occurrences of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Faecal Contents of Covurs splendens (Indian Crow)
AU  - Philbert Balichene Madoshi
AU  - Shuli Nkalango Mitemi
AU  - Abdul Ahmed Selemani Katakweba
Y1  - 2021/08/18
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11
T2  - Biomedical Statistics and Informatics
JF  - Biomedical Statistics and Informatics
JO  - Biomedical Statistics and Informatics
SP  - 42
EP  - 46
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8728
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20210603.11
AB  - Introduction: Indian crows have been commented to present significant physical community harm with respect to property damage and agricultural products. However the public health significant of these birds in the developing countries has been underrated. Their scavenging nature might result into spread of pathogens in the public as well as the antimicrobial traits among bacteria. In order to gain the insight into the role of Indian crows as carriers and reservoir of multi-resistant E. coli; broad spectrum antimicrobial agents were tested using a wild E. coli isolated from the birds themselves. Methods: The Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and identified from intestinal contents of 30 Indian crows in Morogoro. An 100μl Intestinal contents were spread on MacConkey for E. coli isolation. A total of eight (8) antimicrobial agents: STX (25 μg), AMP (10 μg), AMC (30 μg), CN (10 μg), CIP (5 μg), TE (30 μg), S (10 μg) and CTX (30 μg) were used. E. coli ATCC 25922 and included as control strains. Results: The resistance TE and SXT were the most prevalent (90%), followed by AMP (76.7%) and S (73.3%), CIP (53.3%), and CTX (36.7%). The susceptibility of these isolates was high in CN 96.7%. It also shown among 30 of the E. coli isolates; twenty-eight of them presented multiple antibiotic resistances. Conclusion: The results have shown that Indian crow can serve as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant E. coli, and potentially transmit such E. coli over long distances. This is a hidden public health threat as these crows move from one place to another and is found in residential areas contaminating water and food with resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance strains.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

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